Friday, November 11, 2011

DICTIONARY OF RAMAYANA, Part 6 - P to R

DICTIONARY OF RAMAYANA
Part 6 -  P  to  R

 P
Paduka -  A pair of wooden sandals worn by sadhus - Bharat  Kept the sandals of Rama on the throne in Nandigram  And ruled over Ayodhya.
Panchjanya -  Counch of Vishnu.
Panch Sabada - See Music.
Panchvati- A place near Nashik in Maharashtra where Rama, Sita and  Laxmana stayed during fourteen years of exile.
Parshuram-Incarnation of Vishnu-  Son of Jamdagni - a khashtriya- The lord of Bhrigus- he had the characteristics such as  Tranquility, restraint, penance, purity, forbearance  Straight forwardness, knowledge, supreme knowledge and  Faith in god- he had got the bow from God Vishnu who had told that when the Lord descended on the earth in the   form of Sri Rama- his own work would have ended and the bow would pass into the hands of Sri Rama His Bow was broken by Rama- killed his mother Renuka  by the order of his father- a sworn enemy of the khastriya  race- lopped off the arms of Sahasrabahu- he killed not  only the descendants of Sahasrabahu  but the whole  Khastriya race gradually- he went to the forest to  practce  penance
Parvati-  Wife of Shiva- took birth in Himachal the king  of Mountains- after making suicide-  born as Sati daughter of   father Himvan and mother Maina.
 Other names Adishakti, Ambika, Aparna, Bhavani, Durga,  Gauri, Jagdamba, Girirajkumari, Girija, Himachalsuta,  Jagdamba, Jagjanani, Kali, Sati, Shailkumari, Uma.
Passions-  Six-lust, anger, greed, infatuation, pride and jealousy.
Patala ( H )-  superranean regions.
Pavankumar-Hanuman.
Pavanputra -  Hanuman
Pavansut - Hanuman
Pavantanya - Hanuman
Peacock- Indra blessed him coloured wings like his thousand eyes  Its food is serpant.
Persuasion-  Four Methods:
1.  Sama ( argument or expostulation );          2.  Dana ( inducement in the shape of gift etc. );
3.  Bheda ( sowing seeds of dissension )          4.  Danda ( use of force ).
Pishach-   Evil spirits placed by the Vedas lower than Rakshas.
Poetry -  Ten Sentiments are:
1.  Sringar- Love      2.  Hasya – Humour      3.  Karuna – Pathetic        4.  Vira  Heroic
5.  Raudra -  Wrath or Fury             6.  Bhayanak – Terror             7.  Bibhatas – Disgust   8.  Shanta – Quietism                      9.  Adbhuta – Marvellous         10.  Vatsalya -  Child Love
Polaha - Son of Brahma, prajapati.
Prabarshan - Hills, Rama made his abode in the rainy season.
Prahast - Son of Ravana- advised Ravana to send a messenger to   Rama first for reconciliation- if he accepts then no need  of battle,-killed by Angad.
Prahlad -  A devotee of  Vishnu- Son of  Hirnyakashpu.
Prajapati - They are : Atri, Angira, Kashyap, Kratu, Daksh,  Marichi, Pulastya, Pulaha.
Prasravangiri- After the coronation of Sugriva Rama and Lakshmana went  to live there in a cave.
Pratapbhanu -  Son of King  Satyaketu reborn as Ravana.
Prayagraj- Known as Tirthraj-holyplace.
Priyavrata-  Son of Manu.
Prizes - Four prizes of life: 
1.  Religious merit;                                2.  World riches;
3.  Sensuous enjoyment;                     4.  Final beatitude.
Pulasatya-  Son of Brahma- Grandfather of Ravana, Kumbhkaran,  Vibhishan- married the daughter of Rajarshi Trinbindu- Both of them had a son called vishrva or vishravan  ( Kuber ).
Puranas- Eighteen major and minor in number- these are all part the Vedic literature, discussing topics as the creation of  the universe- incarnations of the Supreme Lord and  demigods.
Purandara - Indra.
Purnima-   Full moon.
Puru  The youngest son of  Yayati -willingly parted with his youth and accepted the old age of his father.
Pushpakviman - Vishvakarma made for Brahma- Kuber took  from Brahma after penance - Ravana took away from  Kuber- Rama, Sita and Laxman came to Ayodhya from Lanka by this aeroplane and again returned to Kuber.
                       
R
Rakshas - A race of man-eating  demons- enemies of demi Raghav-  Rama
Raghunath-  Rama
Raghukul -  The family of Raghu.
Raghunandan-  Name of Rama.

Ram Mantra- Om  Shri Ramay Namah.

                                                                        
Rama                     Known incarnation of Vishnu. He was the son of king Dashratha and Koshalya. He had two step-mothers Sumitra and Kaikayee and step-brothers Bharat , Lakshmna and Shatrughana.   He married Sita the daughter of King Janak. He was exiled for fourteen years by his step-mother Kaikayee. He renounced the right to the throne and went to the forest for fourteen years in the garb of an ascetic. Sita and Lakshmna  also accompanied him.
                          He travelled on foot via Ganga, Yamuna and Sararwati, the Triveni in Pryag and settled in Chitrakoot. Bharta came  there to take Rama back to Ayodhya but Rama refused and gave his wooden-sandals to keep on the throne.
                           Rama left Chitrakoot and went to Dandak forest visiting  many sages on the way and settled at Panchvati near Nasik. One day Shoorpankha the sister of Ravana the king of Lanka came there  and proposed Rama and Lakshmna to marry her. Lakshmna deformed her ear and nose. She went to Ravana and encouraged him  to kidnap Sita. Ravana kidnapped Sita in the absence of Rama and Lakshmna and  put her in Ashokvatika in Lanka . Rama made friendship with Sugriva and with his help killed Ravna and rescued Sita.
                       Rama came back to Ayodhya  along with monkeys and bears. People  celebrated that day as Diwali. He had two sons Luv and Kush and ruled over Ayodhya for many years.
Other names of Rama- Aartihar, Ayodyapati , Dashrathnandan, Jankivallabh, Janpalak, Karunakar, Kripanidhan,  Kripaniketa, Sitapati, Sitanath, Jankinath,Ramapati, Raghav, Raghukulmani, Raghupati,Raghunandan,   Raghuvar,  Raghunath, Kosaladheesh, Kosalnath,Raghukulmani, Raghukulshromani Randhir, Maryadapurushotam.

Ramsetu-  Rama waited for three days at the beach of ocean- Then   With the help of Nal and Neel and all the monkeys, bears,  a  Bridge one hundred Yojan in length and Ten Yojan in  breadth of stones was made over the ocean. The bridge Floated on the water. It did not sink.
 Monkeys made the bridge-- 1st day--fourteen Yojan          2nd d…….-Twenty Yojan
 3rd day----Twenty one Yojan           4th day---Twenty Two Yojan        5th day---Twenty three Yojan

Ramayana-The first poetry book  by Valmiki-Adikavya in Sanskrit.
 It was narrated to:-  Parvati by Lord Shiva- Garuda by Kakbhushundi,
                                        Bhardwaj by Yagvalkya-Saints  by  Tulsidas

Ramcharitmanas- The word Manas denotes the mind and Lord ,Shiva gave this story the title of Ramcharitmanas firstly because it  contains a life –account of  Sri Rama and secondly,  because He treasured it in his mind before communicating  it to Parvati-GoswamiTulsidas started writing  on           Samvat year 1631 (1574 A.D)on Tuesday, the ninth   of the lunar month of Chaitra.i 
Rajnichar ( H ) -Those who roam at night.
Raksasas -  Roam at night and feed on the human flesh.
Rantidev - A most generous hearted ruler -gave away his riche every now and then even food  also.
Rati - Wife of Kamdev.                                                                                                                    
Ravan-  Rebirth of King Pratapbhanu - grandson of Pulastya and  maternal grandfather  Malyavan- son of Kaikasi and  Vishrva - Could lift the mountain kailash.  Blessed by Brahma to be killed by a human being only- cursed by Nalkuber the son of  Vaishraavan-had  in the depth of his naval by virtue of it survive   harrased all  the sun god, the  moon god, the wind god, the god of water, the god of  wealth and fire, the gods of time and death, and all other, kinnaras ,siddhas, men, gods, and nagas, defeated Kubera  and carried away his aerial  car Pushpaka, married the  excellent dames of yakharvas   human beings and nagas.
 sons- Akshaykumar, Meghnad, Trishira and  Mahodar
 Sisters: Kumbhinasi and Shoorpankh
 Wife: Mandodari , kidnapped  Sita  by  fraud.
   Killed by Rama in the month of  Kartik the tenth day, the  Day is Celebrated as Vijayadashmi or Dushera, cremated  By Vibhishana .
 Other  names: Dashvadan, Dashmukh, Dashgriva,  Dashanan, Dashkandh, Dashsheesh, Rakashraj, Lankapati,
                           
Rekha- Lakshmana had traced with an end of  his bow a line round  Sita’s cottage at Panchvati with a curse that any demon  who dared to cross the line would be instantly reduced to  ashes.
Rg Veda-   One of the four original Vedas containing hymns to  different demigods.
Rikshraja - Father of Vali and Sugriva.
Rishab -  A monkey killed Mahaparshva brother of Ravana.
Rishyamook-   A mountain place of Sugriva- Sugriva sent Hanuman to know about Rama and Lakshmana in the month of Chaitra, Hanuman went disguised as a Brahaman.
Rohini -  Daughter of  Daksha and was a favourite consort of the  Moon God.
                              
Ruchi -  Prajapati.
Ruma- Wife of Sugriva.


          Continued………  

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